हामी ठकुरी (ethakuris): Copied Blogs about Thakuri

पृथ्विनारायण शाह मगर थिए र त देशभक्त थिए

24 July 2012

प्रदिप नेपाल

विश्वमा एउटै मात्र यस्तो एउटा देश छ, जो कहिल्यै, कसैको उपनिवेश भएन । विश्वका दुई सयको हाराहारीमा अहिले स्वतन्त्र भनिएका राष्ट्रहरू आफ्नो इतिहासको कुनै न कुनै कालखण्डमा बेलायत, फ्रान्स, स्पेनलगायतका युरोपेली मुलुकका उपनिवेश भए । नेपालमै पनि झन्डै त्यो दासताको छायाँ पसिसकेको थियो । काठमाडौँ कब्जा गर्ने उद्देश्यले पटनाबाट हिँडेको अंग्रेजी फौजलाई नेपाली फौजले सिन्धुलीगढीबाटै ओरालो नलाइदिएको भए आज हामी, हाम्रो नेपाल र हामी नेपालीको परिचय बोकेर उभिन पाउने थिएनौँ । सियो बनेर छिर्ने र फाली बनेर निस्किने बेलायती उपनिवेशवाद, खालि जयप्रकाश मल्ललाई सघाउन मात्र काठमाडौँ उपत्यकताभित्र छिर्न खोजिरहेको थिएन । काठमाडौं खाल्डामा राज गरेपछि नेपाल नामको बलियो अस्तित्वलाई समाप्त गरेर बेलायती साम्राज्यमा कहिल्यै घाम अस्ताउँदैन भन्ने उखान सार्थक तुल्याउन त्यो नेपाल छिर्ने कोसिसमा थियो । व्यक्तिगत रूपमा जति रिस उठे पनि नेपाल नाम गरेको स्वतन्त्र राष्ट्र भनिने परिचय पाएको यो नेपालको एकीकरण गरेर पृथ्वीनारायण शाहले बेलायती उपनिवेशवादलाई पराजित गरेका थिए भन्न संकोच मान्नु भनेको कुनै पनि नेपालीले आफ्नै परिचयलाई तिरस्कार गर्नु हो ।

हाम्रा कतिपय समाजशास्त्रीहरूसमेत पृथ्वीनारायण शाहलाई 'विस्तारवादी' को आरोप लाउँछन् र ठकुरी क्षत्री भएको हुनाले उनी हरहिसाबले फटाहा हुन् भन्ने निष्कर्ष निकाल्छन् । थोरै अध्ययन गरिदिए यी दुवै भ्रम समाप्तै हुन्थे । पृथ्वीनारायण शाह ठकुरी थिएनन् जन्मले । उनी थिए खाँट्टी मगर । द्रव्य शाहबाट नेपालको इतिहास खोज्ने चलन छ नेपालमा । ती द्रव्य शाह मगर थिए र दौडबाटै तिनले लिगलिगकोटको राज्य जितेका थिए । मगर भएकै हुनाले तिनले गोर्खाका खड्कालाई पराजित गरेर त्यहाँ मगर राज्यको स्थापना गरेका थिए । द्रव्य शाहदेखि पृथ्वीनारायण शाहसम्मको ज्यानमा मगर जातिको शुद्ध रगत बगेको सच्चाइलाई सबैभन्दा पहिले, प्रदीप लाफा मगरले सार्वजनिक गरेका थिए । यो सच्चाइलाई नेपालका विद्वान्, स्वर्गीय हृषिकेश शाहले पुष्टि गरेका थिए । शाह राजाहरूको कुलदेवता मानिएको स्याङ्जाको आलमदेवीको पुजारी मगर हुनु, अत्यन्तै चर्चित मनकामना माईका पुजारी पनि मगर हुनु, फुपूचेला मामाचेलीको संस्कार नेपालका राजाहरूमा विद्यमान रहनुजस्ता घटनाले पृथ्वीनारायण शाहसम्मको मगरत्वलाई प्रमाणित गर्छन् । सेन राजाहरू मगर थिए भन्नेमा सायद कसैको विमति नहोला । पृथ्वीनारायण शाहको पहिलो विवाह तिनै सेन राजाकी छोरीसँग भएको थियो ।

हो, पृथ्वीनारायण शाहपछि नेपालको राजवंश वर्णशङ्कर हुँदै गयो । मगर रानीको माइतीसँग झगडा परेपछि पृथ्वीनारायण शाह, आफ्नो राज्य विस्तारको सपना बोकेर शिक्षादीक्षा लिन बनारसतिर लागे । त्यहाँ गएपछि उनले आफ्नो मगर मूललाई तिलाञ्जली दिए गङ्गा नदीको किनारमा । उनले गोत्र फेरे । राजपूत कन्यासँग बिहे गरे र क्षत्रीभन्दा माथिल्लो जात हुन जेजे गर्नुपथ्र्यो त्यो सबै गरे । पृथ्वीनारायण शाहपछि ठकुरी हुने प्रक्रियामा लागेका शाह राजाहरू सबै अयोग्य, स्वार्थी, स्त्रीलम्पट भएर आफ्नै खुट्टामा बन्चरो हान्न पुगे । विशेष गरेर पृथ्वीनारायण शाहका छोरा र नाति राजतान्त्रिक इतिहासका सबैभन्दा ठूला खलपात्र बन्न पुगे ।

शाह राजवंशलाई मगरबाट ठकुरी बनाउने अभियानमा सबैभन्दा ठूलो लगानी राजा महेन्द्रले गरेको तथ्य पनि इतिहासले बिस्तारै खुलाउँदै लगेको छ । पृथ्वीनारायण शाहलाई ठकुरी बनाउन उनको नाकमुनि जुँघा टाँस्ने काम राजा महेन्द्रबाटै भएको रहेछ । एकाध वर्षअघि फेला परेको पृथ्वीनारायण शाहको मौलिक सालिकमा जुँघा नभएको कुरो त्यतिबेलै सार्वजनिक भएको जानकारी अध्येता पाठकहरूसँग सुरक्षित होला भन्ने लाग्छ । अहिले त्यो मूर्ति नुवाकोट साततले दरबारमा पुगेको रहेछ ।

पृथ्वीनारायण शाहको यो भूमिकाका बारेमा नेपालको राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षात्मक रणनीति र नेपाल-चीन सम्बन्ध पुस्तकमा चिनियाँ प्राध्यापक वाङ चुङले यसरी लेखेका छन्, 'सन् १७६८ मा पृथ्वीनारायण शाहले नेपालको एकीकरण -खासगरी काठमाडौं उपत्यका) गरेपछि एउटा एकीकृत राजनीतिक शक्तिका रूपमा नेपालले आफ्नो दृष्टि हिमालयको मध्य इलाकाबाट बाहिरी संसारमा राख्न थाल्यो । ... शाहले नेपालको एकीकरण गरेपछि नेपालका शासकले उत्तरी हिमाली क्षेत्रका व्यापारिक मार्गको महत्त्वबारे पूरा जानकारी लिए र यस क्षेत्रका व्यापारिक मार्गको सुरक्षा र नियन्त्रण गर्नु नेपालको कूटनीतिक राजनीतिको मौलिक आधार बन्यो ।' यही रणनीतिको विशिष्ट परिभाषा हो पृथ्वीनारायण शाहले सार्वजनिक गरेको दुई ढुंगाबीचको तरुल सिद्धान्त । त्यही उपदेशमा पृथ्वीनारायण शाहले आफ्नो राष्ट्रियताको त्यस्तो सुन्दर परिभाषा दिएका छन् जसलाई उनीपछिका कुनै पनि शासकले अवलम्बन गरेनन्, गर्न चाहेनन् । पृथ्वीनारायण शाहले आफ्ना भाइभारदार र सन्तानलाई दक्षिणको बादशाहसँग सधैँ होसियार हुने उपदेश त्यसै दिएका थिएनन् ।

तिनै वाङ चुङले पृथ्वीनारायण शाहका बारेमा, सुरुमा गोर्खा राज्य विस्तार गर्ने महत्त्वाकांक्षी योजना लिएर नुवाकोटमाथि आक्रमण गरे पनि बनारस पुगिसकेपछि, भारतीय राजाहरूको बिजोक अवस्था देखेपछि उनी बेलायती उपनिवेशवादका विरुद्ध लड्नपर्ने टुंगोमा पुगेका थिए भनी निष्कर्ष निकालेका छन् ।

पृथ्वीनारायण शाह विस्तारवादी थिएनन्, बरु आर्थिक स्वावलम्बनका पक्षधर थिए भनी वाङ चुङले नेपालमा पृथ्वीनारायण शाहका दिव्य उपदेश भनी प्रचारित गरिने आर्थिक स्वावलम्बनका निम्न बुँदाहरूलाई आफ्नो शोधग्रन्थमा यसरी उल्लेख गरेका छन्- -क) विदेशी महाजनलाई वीरगन्जबाट उँभो आउन नदिनु, यिनीहरू देशमा आए भने दुनियाँलाई कङ्गाल बनाई छोड्छन् । -ख) विदेशी कपडा लगाउन मनाही गर्नु, आफ्नो देशमा कपडा बुन्न जान्नेलाई नमुना देखाई सघाउनु र बुन्न लगाउनु, त्यसो भएमा नगद विदेश जाँदैन । ... (घ) खानी भएका ठाउँमा गाउँ भए गाउँ अन्त सारी खानी चलाउनु, गरो बन्ने जग्गामा घर भए घर अरू जग्गामा सारी कुलो काटी खेत बनाई आवाद गर्नु । (ङ) विदेशी नाचगान र रागतानमा नभुल्नु, आफ्ना सयलका लागि त तीन सहर नेपालका नेवारहरूको नाच झिकाई हेरे पनि हुन्छ, यिनीहरूलाई दिएको नगद ता आफ्नै देशमा रहन्छ । (च) देशका जिनिस, जडिबुटी विदेश लैजानु र नगद खर्चनु आदि ।

बेलायती उपनिवेशवादका सियो बनेर आउने व्यापारीलाई नेपाल छिर्नै नदिने, आफ्नो खर्च आफ्नै उत्पादनबाट धान्ने शिक्षा दिने, आफूले जितेका तीन सहर नेपालका नेवारहरूको संस्कृतिको सम्मान गर्ने राजालाई कसरी विस्तारवादी भन्न सकिन्छ ?

बेलायती शासकहरू पृथ्वीनारायण शाहलाई मन पराउँदैनथे मात्र होइन, सकेसम्मको घृणा नै गर्थे । नेभर माक्र्सवेलले लेखेका पनि छन्, 'दक्षिण एसियाका भूपरिवेष्ठित पहाडी राज्यहरूमाथिको नियन्त्रण सुदृढ गराउनु बि्रटिस इन्डिया सरकारको निश्चित सुरक्षा रणनीति हो ।' यो सुरक्षा रणनीतिको अभियानमा बि्रटिस इन्डिया सरकारका विरुद्ध चट्टान बनेर उभिएका पृथ्वीनारायण शाहलाई जति सरापे पनि पश्चिमा इतिहासकारलाई सन्तुष्टि हुँदैन । त्यसैले सिल्भाँ लेभी वा यस्तै अन्य कुनै पश्चिमा इतिहासकारबाट पृथ्वीनारायण शाहका बारेमा लेखिएका कथित ऐतिहासिक टिपोटहरूमाथि विश्वास गर्न सकिँदैन । हो, जंगबहादुर शाहमार्फत राजा सुरेन्द्रलाई आफ्नो षड्यन्त्रको गोटी बनाइसकेपछि भने बेलायती उपनिवेशवाद नेपालका राजाहरूप्रति सहनुभूतिशील देखिन पुगेको छ ।

पृथ्वीनारायण शाहको विरोध गर्नुअघि एकपल्ट, निष्पक्ष मन बोकेर सोचौँ । यो सोच्ने काम नेपालका सबै नेपालीको हो । तथ्यहरूले भन्छन्- पृथ्वीनारायण शाह, आरम्भमा महत्त्वाकांक्षी र बनारस पुगेपछि देशभक्त राजा बनेका थिए, जसले त्यतिबेलाको जल्दोबल्दो बेलायती उपनिवेशवादविरुद्ध लडाइँ लड्ने हिम्मत गरेका थिए र त्यो लडाइँ जितेका थिए । नेपालीको दुर्भाग्य नै भनौं मन परेको छोरो गद्दीको हकदार हुने थिति बनाए पनि पृथ्वीनारायण शाहपछिका कुनै राजामा पनि यो देशभक्ति देखिएन । लम्पट शाह राजाहरूकै कारण नेपाल अर्धउपनिवेश बन्यो ।

कान्तिपुरबाट

''हाम्रा कतिपय समाजशास्त्रीहरूसमेत पृथ्वीनारायण शाहलाई 'विस्तारवादी' को आरोप लाउँछन् र ठकुरी क्षत्री भएको हुनाले उनी हरहिसाबले फटाहा हुन् भन्ने निष्कर्ष निकाल्छन् । थोरै अध्ययन गरिदिए यी दुवै भ्रम समाप्तै हुन्थे । पृथ्वीनारायण शाह ठकुरी थिएनन् जन्मले । उनीथिए खाँट्टी मगर । द्रव्य शाहबाट नेपालको इतिहास खोज्ने चलन छ नेपालमा । ती द्रव्य शाह मगर थिए र दौडबाटै तिनले लिगलिगकोटको राज्य जितेका थिए । मगर भएकै हुनाले तिनले गोर्खाका खड्कालाई पराजित गरेर त्यहाँ मगर राज्यको स्थापना गरेका थिए । द्रव्य शाहदेखि पृथ्वीनारायण शाहसम्मको ज्यानमा मगर जातिको शुद्ध रगत बगेको सच्चाइलाईसबैभन्दा पहिले, प्रदीप लाफा मगरले सार्वजनिक गरेका थिए । यो सच्चाइलाई नेपालका विद्वान्, स्वर्गीय हृषिकेश शाहले पुष्टि गरेका थिए । शाह राजाहरूको कुलदेवता मानिएको स्याङ्जाको आलमदेवीको पुजारी मगर हुनु, अत्यन्तै चर्चित मनकामना माईका पुजारी पनि मगर हुनु,फुपूचेला मामाचेलीको संस्कार नेपालका राजाहरूमा विद्यमान रहनुजस्ता घटनाले पृथ्वीनाराय शाहसम्मको मगरत्वलाई प्रमाणित गर्छन् । सेन राजाहरू मगर थिए भन्नेमा सायद कसैको विमति नहोला । पृथ्वीनारायण शाहको पहिलो विवाह तिनै सेन राजाकी छोरीसँग भएको थियो ।

उनीले पनि शाह राज खलकमा गिर्वाण युद्द विक्रमले बिधुवी बाहुनी विहे गरे पछि शाह राजखलकमा वाहुनको वरचस्व चुलिएको र उनीपछिका राजाको नाउँमा वाहुन मिसिएकोले '' विक्रम'' थपिएको कुरालाई लुकाएका छन् किनकि उनि पनि वाहुन नै हुन |

3. अर्को मगरहरुको विकिपिडिया मा यस्तो भेटिएको छ | वृस्तृत अध्ययनको लागि यहाँ क्लिक गर्नुहोस |

The Magars of middle and western Nepal played a role in Nepal's formative history. Their kingdom was one of the strongest of west Nepal in and around Palpa District during the time of the 22 and 24 rajya principalities (17th and early 18th centuries).[8] Hamilton, during his research in Nepal in 1802, came to a conclusion that all the kings of 24 principalities, including Sen King of Palpa in western Nepal, were Magars.[9] Magars believe that they and the Thakuris have the same origins.[8][10] Many of the Magar aristocracy joined the Thakuri caste and status.[8] In recent years, many scholars and historians have claimed that Nepal's former Shah rulers were the descendants of Magar kings of the Barah Magarath/Kali Gandaki region. The 18th-century king, Prithvi Narayan Shah, the founder of the modern Kingdom of Nepal announced himself a Magar king. According to Hamilton, Mincha and Khancha Khan, the forefathers of former Shah kings of Nepal, were of Magar descent.[11] Baburam Acharya, a prominent historian of Nepal, also confirmed that Nepal's former Shah kings were the descendents of Magar kings.[12

4. फेरी गोर्खा राजाहरुको वंशजको बारेमा भने अंग्रेजी लेखक ( Fancis Buchanan Hamilton) हेमिल्टनले यसरी लेखेका पनि छ पेज २४०

Gorkha, I was informed, was always completely unconnected, and independent of all these alliances; nor did I learn that Dhurkot or Tarki were in a contrary situation.

I shall now proceed to give an account of the chiefs who governed this assembly of states, and of their countries.

I have already given an account of the family of highest rank, including the Rajas of Palpa, Tanahung, Rising, Ghiring, and Gajarkot; because this family possessed also large estates to the east of Nepal Proper. It therefore remains to describe the other 19 states.

I shall first mention the family which at present has obtained almost universal empire over the mountains north from the Company’s provinces, and does not content itself with a gentle rule, such as that exercised by the Rajas of Yumila, but has seized the entire dominion and power of the conquered countries, and assumes a menacing countenance even to the Company.

The family pretends to be of the Pamar tribe; but it is alleged, as I have already explained, that this is a mere fable, and that, on the arrival of the colony from Chitaur, this family were Magars. One of its branches, however, has long adopted the Hindu rules of purity, and has intermarried with the best families, although not without creating disgust; and the other branch remains in primitive impurity, although we have seen that the same is the case with the Chauhans, who long pretended to a great superiority over the chiefs of Gorkha.

The first persons of the Gorkha family, of whom I have heard, were two brothers named Khancha and Mincha, or Nimcha, words altogether barbarous, and in no manner resembling the high sounding titles of the family of the sun, from whom the Pamars pretend to be descended. From whence these persons came, I did not learn; but Khancha was the founder of the p. 241impure branch of the family, and Mincha was the chief of Nayakot.|

Khancha र Mincha or Nimcha भन्दा अगाडिको वंशलाई भाषा वंशवाली अनुसार भारत देखि आएका हुन भनेर उल्लेख गरिएको पाइन्छ | तर ह्यामिल्टनले उक्त कुरा उल्लेख नै गरेका छैनन् | यसलाई उनले ठाडो उल्लंघन गरि आफ्नो तर्क पेश गरेका छन् जुन माथि उल्लेख भै सकेको छ | माथिको तर्क सादुराम उपाध्याय र तत्कालिन राजाका काका समर वहादुरलाई सोधेको प्रश्नको उत्तर देखि उनि असन्तुष्ट भएर लेखेका छन् |

5. Fancis Buchanan Hamilton को पुस्तकमा थप अध्ययनको लागि यहाँ क्लिक गर्नु होस्

यसरी नै नेपालको वारेमा अर्का लेखक Nagendra Kr. Singh ले लेखेका अर्को पुस्तक Ruler Refugee to Ruler A Millitant Race of Nepal भन्ने पुस्तकमा ठकुरीलाई Thakurs भनेर लेखेका छन् , यस पुस्तकमा उनले ठकुरीको बारेमा स्पष्ट कुरा राखेको पाइएको छ

24 July 2012

प्रदिप नेपाल

कान्तिपुरबाट

Gorkha, I was informed, was always completely unconnected, and independent of all these alliances; nor did I learn that Dhurkot or Tarki were in a contrary situation.

I shall now proceed to give an account of the chiefs who governed this assembly of states, and of their countries.

5. Fancis Buchanan Hamilton को पुस्तकमा थप अध्ययनको लागि यहाँ क्लिक गर्नु होस्

यहाँ क्लिक गर्नु होस्

टिपन टापन
१.ठकुरी वंश हेर्नुहोस
२. केहि कुरा हेर्नुहोस

Historically speaking, Raja Amshuburma, the father of a legendary Princess Vrikuti, and a powerful ruler of Nepal in the early 7th century AD, is known to have belonged to a “Thakuri” Vamsha.

We don’t know exactly when Thakuri became a caste in Nepal, but what we know, for sure, is that the term has been in use for several centuries now.

We also don’t know the true meaning of it, but my little research revealed, that it was the term the rulers of 22 and 24 principalities -- which spread before unification throughout the mid and far-western regions of Nepal -- would use to identify them.

Based on this, can we safely assume Thakuri means ‘the ruling clans’? I certainly think so. Even the founder of modern Nepal, ”Prithvi Narayan Shah, the Great” belonged to this group.

However, what is interesting is that I’ve found a bizarre attempt of linking the founder of modern Nepal to a certain group of people, most specifically, the “Magars,” claiming that he was a Magar King [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magars.] For people who are not Thakuris, it could very well be a believable story, but to someone like me -- a pure blooded, ‘Jhurra Thakuri’ -- I’m like: “Oh, com’n, you morons!”

Today Thakuris come in all shapes and sizes, and they are found to have settled all over the country. Although majority of them are concentrated in the Western and Far-Western regions of Nepal, some or very few of them, still live in the Eastern parts of the country. It was so because during unification, Thakuris played crucial roles in defeating the Kirantis of the East, and some Thakuris with commanding roles and authorities, naturally remained there to maintain sovereignty over the newly won territories.

As far as I know, the main Thakuri Caste can be divided into many sub-castes, but the most prominent among them are: Malla, Shah, Khand, Singh, Sen, Pal, Chand, and Shahi. And Thakuris bearing above surnames claimed their own territories, establishing their own independent principalities, which we all know as 22 and 24 principalities.

Moreover, the several surnames that Thakuri use today initially appear to have been adopted as titles. For example, according to my own family genealogy report, called Vamshavali, my surname ‘Malla’ was believed to have been a title, and before my ancestors were a Malla, they were Shahi, which itself was a title.

Additionally, since I can only talk about my side of the story, according to my somewhat unscientific study, there are only three types of Mallas (excluding the Mallas of Katmandu Valley -- well, they were also Thakuri but became 'Newar', a linguistic community, in order to rule the valley's inhabitants) belonging to Thakuri Clans: (1) Malla of Sinja Valley, Jumla (2) Malla of Kingdom of Parbat, the great Malla Khandan to which I belong to, and (3) the Medhasi Malla.

Let’s assume we all know the Mallas of Sinja and the Mallas of Parbat, as they are historically significant group of people. But who are “Medhasi Malla?”

Well, they are also Thakuri but they differ in one thing, that is, they once had surnames other than Malla. For a reason or two, they decided to abandon their original surnames. For example, the Malla of Dhurkot, are Suryabanshi Chautariya Shah but they adopted the Malla surname. Despite sharing the same surname, it’s one reason why Malla of Parbat and Malla of Dhurkot marry each other.

Similarly, there are Thakuris whose ancestors were Shahis or Mallas but now they’ve become Shah, yet they’re still keeping their old Gotra - Atri. The reason of this is, because once powerful Raja Malebam Shahi of Jumla, my original ancestor had divided his vast kingdom among his four sons: (1) Jagat Singh Shahi (1st son, king of Jajarkot) (2) Pitambar Shahi (2nd son, king of Rukum) (3) Suratna Shahi (3rd son, king of Salyan) (4) Sumati Shahi (4th son, king of Darna). It is believed that the descendants of these four sons later adopted different surnames, yet their Gotra remained the same.

Incidentally, Shahs of Gorkha were Khands, as we know it. We're also aware of one very public information, that is, King Prithvi Narayan Shah had changed his Gotra and sub-caste to separate himself from other Khands and Shahs, so he could kill his own brethren and remain free from the sin of ‘Gotra Hatya’.

By looking at this, it becomes so important to look at one’s Vamsha and Gotra. Knowing one’s Gotra is important for many reasons, but most important reason of all is to avoid marrying one’s own cousins. It is a sin or ‘paap’ to marry one's own cousins, and it was true then, and it is true now.

Despite this, Thakuris have one very bad tradition, and that is, we marry our own cousins from maternal sides. We can all guess why we do that but there is one obvious explanation for it.

Thakuri kings wanted to keep their wealth, power, and family secrets within the family, and what more effective way there could be than marrying their own cousins, the maternal uncles’ daughters?

However, time has come to end this barbaric tradition. Genetically, there is no difference between maternal and paternal cousins. Having practiced this tradition of marrying one’s own cousins for centuries, it could be one reason why we, Thakuris, - I’m sorry to say this - are not as smart as we think we are.

We can safely assume that our genetic abnormality -- let’s call it our stupidity -- is the direct consequential result of this unholy matrimony.

Let's face it, we are not bright people. It's a fact.

No wonder, people call us - “Murkha Thakuri” because we can't seem to manage our anger easily and get upset for no obvious reasons (one reason why British India, calling us 'Martial People' loved to hire us); we do poorly in schools and seeking knowledge is against our religion; we’re lazy in the most part and refuse to accept work that is considered low by our myopic standard; we don't work as hard as we should, and as a result we fall behind; we love to party whenever we can and unnecessarily flaunt our fast-depleting wealth; we glorify our past even if there is no evidence to prove it; and we talk trash about others and treat them badly whenever we can.

Listen to this, my people, -- the Thakuris -- the world has changed immensely right before our eyes, yet we haven’t changed. If we let this trend to continue, we may even face extinction in future, because those who can survive are the ones who can adapt.

Let’s make adaptability - whatever it means - our common mantra. It’s great we know our past and we are proud of it, but knowing past alone doesn’t secure a bright future; we have to work for it. Forget those days when things came to you on silver platter. Those days are long gone. We even lost the Thakuri King, the last great hope of Thakuris. We won’t know our future unless we work to build one. Now is the time to do just that!

Good luck and God bless, the Thakuris!

On a side note, below is the list of 22 and 24 principalities which we, Thakuris, ruled once upon a time.

खस ?

बेबिलोनको कस्साइटबाट पूर्व हिँडेका कस्साइट्सहरु अफगानिस्तानबाट दक्षिण नलागेर पहाडैपहाड अझ पूर्व उक्लेका थिए । कस्साइटबाट आएकाले कसबाट अपभ्रंश भएर खस हुन पुगे । काश्मिर (खस/कसमिर, खस/कसहरुको मिर, अग्लो स्थान), कुमाउँ, गढवालबाट अझ पूर्व लाग्दै कर्णाली प्रदेशमा आएर बाह्रौं शताब्दीमा राज्य सञ्चालन गरेको देखिन्छ, जसको पूर्वी साँध गण्डकीसम्म थियो ।

खसहरु आर्य भए पनि वैदिक आर्य भने होइनन् । न त यिनीहरू वैदिक आर्यले जस्तो वेदअनुसार वेदी (होम गर्ने स्थान) बनाएर या लिङ्गपुजक नै थिए । लिङ्ग पूजा पनि वैदिक आर्यहरुको होइन, असुर द्रविडहरुले गर्ने लिङ्ग पूजा पछि आत्मसात् गरेका थिए ।

खसहरुको धर्म

खसहरु सबै मष्ट र प्रकृतिपूजक नै थिए । मष्ट पूजा गर्न या मृतक आत्मा जगाउन धामी भएता पनि हिन्दुधर्ममा झैं कुनै जातीय विभाजन थिएन । महामानव बुद्धको सन्देश प्रचारसँगै चल्ल र पछि मल्ल भएकाहरुले बौद्धधर्मलाई अपनाउन थाले । सुर्खेतको काँक्रेबिहार त्यसैको नतिजा हो ।

वि.सं. १३६० मा अल्लउदिन खिल्जिले चितोर लिएको अर्को वर्ष त्यहाँका रायठौरलाई (अहिलेका राठौर) अल्लाउदिन खिल्जिले उठिबास पारेपछि भारतका हरुवा राजारजौटाहरुको नेपाल प्रवेश देखिन्छ । यिनलाई महाराज जसु शाहीले आफ्नो छोरी हारमता दिएर समाचवर भन्ने स्थान दाइजोमा दिए । हारमताकी छोरो देवचन्द्ररले वि.सं. १४८४ मा काठमाडौं लुटेर फकिर्एपछि बाजे जसु शाहीले अछाम बुढी चर्पुकोट राज्य दिएका थिए ।

‘थकुली’बाट ‘थकाली’

जसु शाहीका कान्छा छोरा हंसराज शाही जुम्लाबाट थाकखोला आएर बसे । उनले त्यहीका स्थानीयसँग विवाह गरे । उनलाई ठकुरीको सट्टा ‘थकुली’ भनेर बोलाइन्थ्यो । कालान्तरमा उनैका सन्तान थकाली भए ।

खसहरुमा विचलन, जातपात र हिन्दु धर्म

भारतका रजौटाहरुसँग सम्पर्क बढेपछि खस राजाहरु उनीहरूसँग विवाहसम्बन्धका लागि उत्सुक हुन थाले । तर वैदिक हिन्दु तागाधारी (जनै लगाउने) राजाहरु अहिन्दु र तागा नलगाउने खसहरुसँग विवाहसम्बन्ध गाँस्न तयार भएनन् । यहींबाट उताको ठाकुर, राजपुत जस्तै खस राजाहरु र नातेदारहरुले आफूलाई “ठकुरी“ भन्न थाले र हिन्दुधर्म अपनाएर जनै लगाउन थाले । तर केही खसहरुले भने हिन्दू धर्म र जनै अस्वीकार गरिरहे र आज तिनै खसहरु पावइ खसका रूपमा चिनिन्छन् । हिन्दु धर्म अपनाउनाले जातपातको सूत्रपात स्वतः हुन गयो । यस कार्यमा कन्नौजबाट नेपालभित्र आएका अत्री ऋषिका चारभाइ सन्ततीहरुले अझ सहयोग गरे । तीमध्ये जेठा भाष्कर भट्ट षत्याडा बसे । यिनैका सन्तान पछि षत्याडा (खतिवडा) भएका हुन् ।

तर ढाँटेको कुरा काटे पनि मिल्दैन भनेझैं खसहरुले पुर्खादेखि गरिआएको कतिपय परम्परागत प्रचलनहरु त्याग्न सकेनन् र अझसम्म त्याग्न सकिएको छैन । जमरा, अक्षता, पर सरेको बार्ने, देवाली, मष्टपुजा, छोरीलाई ढोग्ने, भान्जालाई आदर गर्ने आदि कार्यहरू आज पनि नेपालका जनसुकै जातले गरिआएका छन् । ती चाहे हिन्दू मतावलम्बी हुन् या बौद्ध मतावलम्बी, सबै खस हुन् । पश्चिमबाट आएर काठमाडौं जिती राज्य गर्न सुरु गरेका मल्लहरुले आफ्नो साथमा ल्याएका जोशी, राजोपाध्याय जस्ता पुरोहितहरु पनि छ डोरे जनै नै लगाउँछन् र तर खसका प्रचलन भने अझै त्याग्न सकेका छैनन् ।

शाह र रक्तमिश्रण

शाहहरु इस्लाम धर्म मान्नेका सन्तान नभएर मगरहरुका थकाली या राजा हुन् । यिनीहरू पनि खस नै हुन् र पछि मात्र हिन्दुमतावलम्बी भएका हुन् । हिन्दु मतावलम्बी भए पनि शाहहरुले जमरा, अक्षता, पर सरेको बार्ने, देवाली, मष्टपुजा, छोरीलाई ढोग्ने, भान्जालाई आदर गर्ने आदि परम्परागत प्रचलनहरु अझसम्म त्याग्न सकेका छैनन् ।

पृथ्वीनारायण शाहका मावली मगर थिए भने ससुराली मकवानपुरका सेन पनि मगर नै हुन् । रणबहादुर शाहले बालबिधवा ब्राम्हणीसँग विवाह गरेका थिए । यिनैका छोरा गिर्वाणयुद्धबिक्रम हुन् । कुँवरहरु पनि तीन डोरे जनै लगाउने खस नै हुन् । राजा सुरेन्द्रले जंगबहादुरलाई हपार्दै ‘तँ खस भएर हाम्रो युवराज्ञी ताक्ने’ भनेर हपारेका थिए तर त्यतिबेलाका बलशाली जंगबहादुरले राजपरिवारसँग वैवाहिक सम्बन्ध कायम गरेरै छाडे ।

राजा त्रिभुवनले पञ्जावका राजकुमारीसँग विवाह गरेका थिए । धीरशमशेरले १८५७ मा लखनउबाट मुगल कन्या जौहर बानो (जुहार बेगम) लाई ल्याएका थिए । उनै मुगलकन्या जौहर बानोबाट जुद्धशमशेर जन्मिए भने जुद्धशमशेरबाट केन्द्रशमशेर । केन्द्रशमशेर राजा वीरेन्द्रका ससुरा तथा रानी ऐश्वर्यका बुबा हुन् ।

खसहरुमा जात

खसहरुमा धर्मको आधारमा नभएर कर्म, पद र स्थानको आधारमा बोलाइने चलन थियो, पछि यही नै जात हुनगयो ।

क) कार्यका आधारमा बनेका जातहरु

भट्ट – राजपुरोहित वा धर्माधिकारी
अधिकारी – दराको हाकिम
कार्की – राजस्व अधिकृत
भण्डारी – राजकीय कोषको प्रमुख
लेखक – लेखक
महत – ग्राम प्रमुख
रोकाया – महतको सहयोगी

ख) दर्जा, पदका आधारमा बनेका जातहरु
थापा – सैनिक दर्जा
खड्का – सैनिक दर्जा
राना – सैनिक दर्जा
बुढा – सैनिक दर्जा

ग) स्थानका आधारमा बनेका जातहरु
धिता – धिताल
पाण्डुसेरा – पाण्डे
सिञ्जा – सिंजापति
चैडिलागाउँ – चौलागाई
प्याकुरी – प्याकुरेल
सिम्खाडा – सिम्खडा
तिमिल्सैन – तिमिल्सिना वा तिम्सिना
घमिरगाउँ – घिमिरे

खसहरुमा जातपातको सूत्रपात

पूर्व खाँट्टि खसहरु मनुस्मृति (जो वास्तवमा मनुले लेखेको नभएर भृगु ऋषिले लेखेका हुन्) का आधारमा कुनै जातमा विभाजित थिएनन् । हरेक व्यक्ति आफूखुसी कर्म गर्न स्वतन्त्र थिए र आपसमा कुनै प्रकारको छुवाछुत पनि थिएन । तर राजारजौटाहरु हिन्दू मतावलम्बी हुनु, भारतका राजारजौटाहरुसँग विवाहसम्बन्ध कायम गर्नु तथा उनीहरूको प्रचलन अपनाउनु र कन्नौजबाट आएका भट्टहरुका कारण खसहरुमा बिस्तारै जातपातको सूत्रपात हुनगयो र यो सँगै पछुवाछुतको प्रथा सुरु भयो । तर यहाँ पनि एकरुपता भने कायम छैन ।

ब्राम्हणहरु आफै उपाध्याय जैशी, कुमाइ आदिमा विभाजित छन् । यिनीहरुमा उच्च कुल र नीच कुल भन्ने सोच कायम छ र एकआपसमा बिहावारी चल्दैन । कसैको मृत्यु भएमा हिन्दुस्तानका हिन्दुहरु नुन बार्दैनन् तर अशौचमा नुन बार्ने कार्य खसहरुले गर्थे, जो अहिले पनि कायम छ ।

शाहकालमा पाँडेहरुले नियम बनाउँदा आफूहरुलाई सिधे नुन (खानीको नुन), पालुङ्गो, मुँगको दाल आदि चल्ने अरूलाई नचल्ने नियम बनाएर अरूलाई भने लोप्पा ख्वाइदिए । राज्यको युवराज घोषित गर्नुपूर्व राजा शस्त्रशिल्पीको आरनमा गएर पूजा गर्दथे, शस्त्रशिल्पीलाई पूजा गरेर तरबार बनाउने अभिभारा दिन्थे र त्यही तरबार युवराज घोषित गर्ने दिन युवराजलाई शस्त्रशिल्पीले दिन्थे । यिनै शस्त्रशिल्पी आज कामी कहलाइएर कसरी अछुत भए ? ताज्जुब लाग्छ ।

कसरी फाल्ने जात ?

कुनै पनि कुराको बारेमा बुझ्न सबैभन्दा पहिले मूलमा नै पुग्नुपर्छ । मूल खुलेपछि सबैकुरा छर्लङ्ग हुन्छ । त्यसैले मूल हेर्ने हो भने माथि नै लेखिएको आधारमा हामी खस हौं र हामीमा जातपात, छुवाछुतको प्रचलन थिएन । त्यहाँ बनेको तरबार जति नियम बने, पछि बनेका हुन् । गान्धीले भारतमा तल्ला जातिका सबैलाई एकमुष्ठ गरेर हरिजन नामकरण गरे तर त्यसको कुनै उपादेयता भने निस्किएन । उल्टो, नेताहरूको लागि यो राजनीति र भोट सङ्कलन गर्ने अचुक अश्त्र बन्न गयो, जुन नेपालमा पनि देख्न सकिन्छ ।

त्यसैले संविधानमा लिखित रूपमा नै छुवाछुत र जातपातमाथि प्रतिबन्ध लगाइए पनि हाम्रो आजको मानसिकतालाई आधार मान्ने हो भने जातपात र छुवाछुत हट्न अझै कम्तीमा १०० वर्ष लाग्नसक्छ । अनि के १०० वर्षसम्म यही रीतिमा चल्ने ?

२००७ सालपछि नाटककार बालकृष्ण शमशेरले सम लेख्न थाले । भारतका प्रख्यात कवि तथा महान् अभिनेता अमिताभ बच्चनका पिता हरिवंश राय बच्चन श्रीवास्तव हुन् र जातले कायस्थ हुन् । आज हरिवंशका छोराहरु बच्चन भएका छन् र नाति-पनातीहरु पनि बच्चन नै लेख्नेछन् । कालान्तरमा उनीहरू सरनेम बच्चन नै हुनेछ ।

नेपालभित्र हामी जहाँ जाऔं, पहिले अनुहार हेरिन्छ, जात खुट्याउन नसके नाक हेरिन्छ र त्यसपछि पनि केही नलागेपछि जात सोधिन्छ । र जब जात उजागर हुन्छ तब हाम्रो घृणित जातपात र छुवाछूतको मानसिकता सक्रिय हुन्छ । आज विश्व एकीकरण भइरहेको बेलामा हाम्रो मानसिकता भने अझै जातमै अड्किएको छ । त्यसैले जातपात र छुवाछुतलाई फाल्ने नै हो भने मेरो विचारमा सबैभन्दा पहिले जात फाल्नुपर्छ । जब जात नै नभएपछि कसले सोध्छ जात ?

(यो मेरो व्यक्तिगत विचार हो । कसैलाई व्यक्तिगत रूपमा चोट पार्ने मेरो उद्देश्य होइन । साथै, इतिहासको जानकार नभएकोले दिइएका तथ्यहरू तलमाथि पनि पर्न सक्छन्, धन्यवाद

There are some logical comments on Magar Studies Centre

6 Oct 2006
Dear people from the Magar Study center
My Name is Philip Scheffner. I am a filmmaker from Berlin, Germany.
Right now I am working on a documentary film project with the title “The Halfmoon Files”.
In this context I would like to ask you a question – but first I would like to give you some idea about the film project:
The film is trying to find out more about several soldiers who served in the Indian army during WW1 in France and Belgium (Western front)
They were captured by the German troops and have been detained in a POW camp in Wünsdorf, close to Berlin, Germany.
German Scientists recorded their voices on Shellac Records in 1916.
These recordings are still existing in an archive at the Humboldt University, Berlin.
The Film project takes these existing sound recordings as a starting point to collect information about the biographies of the people who are speaking and to search for today living family members and relatives of the soldiers.
So that their voices will not remain “scientific” data in an archive – but testimonies of real people.
People who had a personal history, who had fears and wishes, and a family waiting back home.
A family which – till today – most probably has no idea that there is a sound recording of their great-grandfather existing in a German archive.
One of the soldiers i am looking for was concidered to be a Magar.(so the data of the scientists say)
His name was Bhawan Singh. He was born in Almora and went to the Mission High school.
Later he joined the army in Lansdown (don’t know which regiment)
His cast is mentioned as “Pun”. It is also said that he belongs to a “good” family -which meant that they must have been relatively wealthy…. The soundfile i have is spoken in the language “Khas”. In his text he is speaking about various forms of ghosts.
He is mentioning three different ghosts there: one which is like a rag lying on the street and catching the feet of people passing by. one, which has its eyes in the chest and eating up people. one which is living in the ,mountains with his dog” – also eating up people. Maybe these stories also belong to a mythology of a certain community…
I would like to ask if you have any idea how i could find out more about Bhawan Singh. Maybe you know somebody in Almora who could be helpful or some scientist who is a specialist in Gurkha languages and who could be of any help. I could also send you the soundfile as an mp3 if you want to.
I am planning to go to India in November and try to see if i can find out more….
If you have any ideas or suggestions I would be really thankful!
Thanks a lot for your efforts with kind regards
philip scheffner
– pong Kröger & Scheffner GbR Philip Scheffner Skalitzer Str. 62 10997 Berlin fon / fax +49-30-61076098 mobile: +49-177-2551966 email: <info@pong-berlin.de> www.pong-berlin.de?

18 Oct 2005
Monika Kovacs <monika_kovacs@hotmail.co.uk> wrote: ?

Dear Sir/Madam,
I was reading about Magars on your website and I understand that they are
Mongolian in origin.
I am Hungarian (we call ourselves Magyar) and – as you are probably aware my
people originally come from East of the Urals.
I can’t help noticing how similar the two names are and geographically
thousands of years ago the two nations would not have been that far from
each other. Do you think there is a relation?
Hope you can help my curiousity, I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely,
Monika Kovacs?

Dear Monica Kovas, ?

Thanks for the email. As you are struck with the similarity of the words Magar and Magyar so are many of us here in Nepal. This curiosity further led people here to establish Nepal-Hungary Friendship Association on 30 April 996 in Kathmandu. The Chairman of this Association is Mr. Tek Bahadur Thapa, former Secretary of Ministry of Home. ?

The objectives of the Association were to promote cultural, literary, sports, arts as well as youth programs to create congenial atmosphere among the peoples of both countries, conduct seminar, colloquium and lecture program to have better understanding of both countries, and to promote study to trace out the affinity between Magar ethnic group of Nepal and Magyar tribe of Hungary. This Association has published five volumes of Nepal-Hungary Friendship Association Bulletin so far. ?

Similarly it is known that a Hungary-Nepal Friendship Society was also established in Hungary on 2 July 1996. Mr. Elek Woynarovich and Mr. K. J. Baral (retired Inspector General of Police, Nepal) were both elected as honorable presidents. The Chairman, General Secretary was Mr. Ferenc Lovass and Sarolta Boda respectively. The address of this Society was BL Studio, 1054 Budapest, Garibaldi u. 7. 1/5a. Hungary. Tel 36-1-131-68-39, Fax 36-1-141-03-05. I understand that Mr. Ferenc Lovass along with his team was here in Kathmandu on film shooting mission with an objective of studying the possibility of close proximity in between Magar and Magyar. ?

I know not much about their findings but there are still some activities going on towards achieving the objectives set forward by the Association in Nepal. I look forward to strengthen both these institutions of Hungry and Nepal to more arduous research like activities to unearth any relationship in between these communities. The fields for research could be language, art, religion and culture. ?

Please let me know about any findings from your part. Thanks for visiting our web site and the interest shown in such anthropological matters. ?

Dr. Govind Prasad Thapa
Chairman

Dear all Magarbandhus,
Please read my earlier email on this subject as under. Sorry for the inconvenience.?

This mail may not be of interest to many of you but since it is a matter of academic discussion I hereby write few facts WHAT I FOUND ON MUKUNDA SEN OF PALPA and KING ARAMUDI.?

1. According to Eden Vansittart, in The Gurkhas, (p. 15-16) “ The sixth and last king of this dynasty, by name of Hari Deva, had at this time ( about 1100 A.D.) a Magar in his service, who through the machinations of the ministers, was dismissed. This man returned to his home and praised Nepal as having houses with golden roofs and golden pranalis or dharas. The Magar Raja, by name Mukunda Sena, a brave and powerful monarch, having heard of this, came to Nepal from the west with a large number of mounted troops, and subdued Hari Deva, the son of Rama Sinha Deva.”?

[This is based on the ‘Notes on Gurkhas’ and ‘Notes on Nepal’ of Eden Vansittart written in 1890 and published in 1895]?

2. Similarly, John T. Hitchcock in his The Magars of Banyan Hill( p. 4 ) writes, “…….it was in this southern area, anciently called the Bara Mangranth, that Magar first made their appearance in written history. During the twelfth century, they sacked the Kathmandu Valley that long had been the seat of urban, civilized culture in Nepal.” [This is based on the study conducted in 1960-62 by the writer]?

3. According to Rajaram Subedi in Baisi Rajyako Etihasik Rupredha (p. 38)Mukunda Sen was a Thakuri.?

4. According to Dr. Jagdish Chandra Regmi in his Nepalko Baidhanik Parampara Mani Mukunda Sen was a Thakuri king who ruled in 1540-1575 AD.?

5. According to Francis Buchanan Hamilton in his An Account of the Kingdom of Nepal and of the territories annexed to this dominion by the House of Gurkhas(first published in 1819) Mukunda Sen was a Thakuri king who came from Chitaur.?

6. Let me quote some stanzas from Vol I, Book IV of MA Stein’s Kalhana’s Rajatrangini: A chronicle of the Kings of Kasmir. Pp 170–172?

531. King Aramudi, who ruled Nepal, and who possessed of wisdom and prowess, wished to prevail over him by cunning.?

532. When that [king, i.e. Jayapida] had entered his land, he did not pay homage, but retired with his army to a great distance.?

533. While he ( Jayapida), eager for conquest, thus pursued him, he defeated one ruler after the other without having to undertake special expeditions……?

537. Then on the [opposite] river bank, which was on the king’s right, there was [seen] Aramudi in position, displaying his army together with his royal parasol.?

538. When Jayapida saw that [king’s] mighty force, he flamed up, just as the fire when fed with liquefied butter.?

539. As he saw before him the water of the river only knee-deep, and [hence] offering no obstacle, he stepped into it to cross, angry as he was, and unacquainted with the country in which he had not been before.?

540. When the reached mid[-stream], the river, which was near the sea, was filled by the tide rising at an unexpected hour, and became unfordable.?

541. Then the king’s army, with its mass of men, elephants, and horses, was washed away by the swollen river, and destroyed in a moment.?

542. The king, whose ornaments and clothes were torn off by the breaking waves, was carried far away by the flood, while cutting through the billows with his arms.?

543. The pitiable cries of one army, the other triumphant shouts of the other, and the din of the river’s, spread uproar in all directions.?

544. And the quick[foe]from other bank dragged out and captured Jayapida by means of [men] who stood ready with [inflated]skins, and[thereupon] celebrated a feast……?

546. He[Aramudi] placed Jayapida in the hands of trusted jailors, in a castle which was [built] of stones on the bank of the Kalagandika, and very high.?

563. When the clever [minister] had obtained the consent of the duped [Aramudi], he went to the imprisoned King Jayapida.?

578. The king first fell into the emotions of astonishment and affection, then [threw himself] into the current of the streams, and reached the opposite bank.?

579. As soon as he had reached his army, he at once invaded the kingdom of Nepal, and destroyed it completely, together with its ruler.?

580. While his jailors did not even know that he had escaped from the prison, he had turned that kingdom into [a thing of the past], which survives only in stories. I am attaching all mails received and sent on this issue.?

Dr. GP Thapa 13 JULY 005?

Dear sir,
I am a Nepali Professor doing research in Korea. Now I am planning to write a paper entitled – KHAM MAGARS, POLITICAL IDEOLOGY AND THE TRAUMA OF ARMED SUPRESSION: TRACES FROM MEMORY OF MAGAR HISTORY IN NEPAL to submit in an international seminar organized by the Institute of Social History. This theme basically intends to write on the Ropali Magars and their participation in Maoist insurgency. I want to lay major focus on supression as well as political thinking os the Magars.
Since your center is devoted to study Magar, I hope you may be of some help to me. If possible provide some information on material or pls mail any related material via email.
I will be very much obliged for your help.
Thank you very much
Prof. Dr. Shanker Thapa
The Academy of Korean studies,
Seongnam-si
Seoul, KOREA, 16/6/2005 ?

Dear Dr. Shankar Thapa, ?

Namaste. I am happy to receive your mail concerning your interest to prepare a paper on Magars of Rolpa and Rukum. I personally thank you for your initiatives. Although Magar Studies Center does not have very good background literature on these issues, yet there are some reading materials on Kham Magar–especially the . I advise you to browse through internet and I am sure you will find some information. You can also go to USAID home page and find out the synopsis of the study report which they had solicited. I would also suggest you to talk to two persons–former minister Balaram Gharti Magar, Ph.5523100, and Bom Kumari Budha Magar, Ph. 4312310. They will give you information about Rolpa and adjoining districts.They may also give you some insights into the causes and effects of insurgency. There are also few books released which scan over the root causes of insurgency. Deepak Thapa’s A kingdom under siege, Dr. Chuda B. Shrestha’s Nepal: coping with Maoist insurgency, Dr. Bishnu Upreti’s Management of social and natural resources, conflict in Nepal; Realities and alternatives are some of the books which I have read. There is one another book of Nischal Nath Pandey on this issue which I have not read yet. I shall try my best to feed with more information. By the way I find your subject very interesting but a bit broad to accomodate in a paper with limited time frame. Any way all the best. Can you tell us more about yourself? Just out of anxiety. Thanks. ?

Gpthapa, 17/6/2005 ?

A SHORT NOTE ON KING ARAMUDI AND OTHER MAGAR RULERS OF KALI GANDAKI REGION ?

– B. K. Rana
rana1616@yahoo.com?

Aramudi was a ruler of Kali Gandaki Region approximately in the later half of 8^th century AD. He seems to have ruled a strong kingdom in Kali Gandaki Region, possibly around the present-day Palpa of west Nepal. Or Palpa may have been the kingdom ruled by King Aramudi himself and also by his descendants in later centuries. Jayapid [782-813 AD], a king of Kashmir invaded Kali Gandaki Region, a traditional homeland of the Magars of Nepal. Aramudi resisted the invasion and virtually defeated Jayapid killing his minister Dev Sharma. A dejected, Jayapid is said to have also invaded Nepaldesh – the present-day Kathmandu Valley. However, the invasion as such is not well substantiated. ?

Rajtarangini is the oldest written authority for the history of various dynasties that ruled Kashmir from the earliest period until Shaka Year of 1070[1]. It reads “Atha Aramudi iti prashiddha mayabi Nepaldeshasya Raja[2]” These words describe Aramudi as a powerful king of Nepaldesh. This line wide opens two avenues to discuss, either Aramudi had actually ruled over Kathmandu valley also or the Rajatarangini writer had problem in differentiating between Kali Gandaki Region and Nepaldesh. From the decline of Lichhivis until the beginning of Malla rule, Nepal’s history enters a dark phase in which only Aramudis’s rule can be historically attested. Therefore historians treat Aramudi as the only ‘shining star’ of the dark phase of Nepalese history. The Magars of Nepal as well as other historians[3] believe Aramudi was a Magar King. Unfortunately, very little has been explored on Aramudi’s life and achievements.?

Later on, different kingdoms[4] around River Kali Gandaki like: Rishing, Ghiring, Argha, Khachhi, Gulmi, Dhor, Satung, Paiung, Bhirkot, Gharung Mishikot, Isma emerged and were ruled by Magar Kings. In those days, such twelve small kingdoms were collectively called ‘Barha Magarat’ – a Confederation of Twelve Magar Kingdoms. There an interesting folklore on how the twelve Magar Kingdoms were founded, expanded and ruled by twelve Magar sons of a powerful Magar King of the Magarat, the western part of Nepal. This folklore is popular also among different Magar settlements in the Athar Magarat[5] – the Kham Magar Language speaking region[6] in Nepal. Each year, people celebrate a festival of Barhakune Tal[7] in Ghorahi of Dang district to commemorate the founding of Twelve Magarat[8].?

Palpa has always remained a home of the Magars. It is densely populated by the Magars. It appears that Palpa was a Magar kingdom, founded on the formidable strength and valour of Magars and their majority. The Magars of Palpa are still in majority today. It was a powerful kingdom in those days. The Kingdom of Palpa and Sen Kings have also played a major role in the history of modern Nepal. ?

Ratna Sen was the last King of Chhitaurgarh, Rajasthan in India. When attacked by the enemies, his oldest son, Jaya Sen fled the country and took shelter in Prayag of Uttar Pradesh. Jaya Sen’s descendants while again chased by the Muslims fled to Ribdikot through Butwal in western plains of Nepal. Later on they seem to have taken shelter also in Rishing and Ghiring of Tanahu. ?

Rudra Sen, one of King Jaya Sen’s descendants, is said to have defeated the Palpali King. But a bewildered reader can not find in the books of Nepalese history who that vanquished Palpali King actually was? This is a case that totally matches with the history of Khadga Magar King[9] who was also killed in 1560 by Drabya Shah to found Shah Dynasty in Gorkha and rule Nepal until today. The Palpali King also should have been none other than a Magar himself or one of the King Aramudi’s descendants who was defeated by Ratna Sen.?

One of the Rudra Sen’s descendants, King Mukunda Sen is described as a ‘Sen Magar’ in Naradsmriti Granth[10] He waged war against Nepal [Kathmandu Valley] twice in 1521 BS and on Chaitra 11, 1522 BS. He is described as Magar Rajadhiraj Mukunda Sen.[11] The Gopal Rajvamsavali also cites Sens as Magars. There are some Sen Magars in Nepal today.?

End note: Whatever be the relationships with King Mukunda Sen, other Kings or ruling Shah Kings, definitely makes no difference to the Magars who are suffering from widespread discrimination in the country today.?

[1] AD 1148 or BS 1204?

[2] Rajtarangini: Kasmireitihas page 99. ?

[3] Prof. Jagadish Chandra Regmi and Prof. Raja Ram Subedi believe Aramudi as Magar King of Kali Gandaki Area.?

[4] I prefer using kingdoms to principalities?

[5] Literally, a confederation of eighteen Magar principalities?

[6] Dang, Salyan, Pyuthan, Rukum, Rolpa etc. districts of present Nepal.?

[7] Twelve-cornered pond in Dang Valley?

[8] Folklore on Barha Magrat and Baisbaju.?

[9] The Gorkha Vamshavali, the genealogy of ruling Shah Kings?

[10] Ministry of Education and Sports, Keshar Library, Kathmandu.?

[11] His Majesty Magar King Mukunda Sen.?

…………………?

Below is a portion of the email BK Rana sent me and Mr Trilok Singh Thapa on 6 July 2003 in relation to King Aramudi, Magar King?

“…..I suggest you both to encourage some young Magar enthusiast to carry out possible research on King Aramudi- the Magar King of Kaligandaki region. Kalhan’s Rajatarangini [the Chronicle of the Kings of Kasmir] part iv, stanza 531 and thereafter, state his as –the King Aramudi

ON MAGAR AND MUKUNDA SEN OF PALPA
Dear Ranaji,
Thanks for the information. You have got plenty of information on the history of Magars and the people of Nepal. I have been sending so many emails to my collegues here but I have received very few replies. May be it is because of their ignorance or lack of interest. It is high time we realize that wishing Magars to be well developed will not be sufficient we will have to work hard and dedicate. I think it is because of our such nature that very little have been done since 2011 BS when Magars tried to get united to re-establish themselves.
Dr. Govind Prasad Thapa
Post Box 12451, Kathmandu, Nepal
Web Site: http://crimejustice.blogspot.com
________________________________________________________________________
Original Message
From: Rana 1616
To: Rana 1616
Sent: Friday, April 15, 2005 8:32 PM
Subject: ON MAGAR AND MUKUNDA SEN OF PALPA – Please Check It 2?

1)     According to Bal Chandra Sharma [NEPALKO AITIHASIK RUPREKHA] Ratna Sen was the last King of Chhitaurgarh, Rajasthan, India.
?
2)     His oldest son Jaya Sen fled and took shelter in Prayag. Jaya Sen’s descendants while again chased by the Muslims arrived ‘Rib+di+kot’, neighboring kingdom of Palpa via Butwal, Rishing and Ghiring. [Magar Kings are cited as ‘Bhure Takure Rajas’ by historians].
?
3)     Sharma has also written that Rudra Sen defeated Palpali King. But who was that Palpali King? Magars? How did the lone Rudra Sen fight with the Palpali King?   There is no mentioning at all. Sharma’s history is a biased one, lacks foundation. Unclear history !?
4)     MUKUNDA SEN is described as a Sen Magar in Naradsmriti Granth [Keshar Library, Kathmandu]. He had attacked Kathmandu twice in 1521 BS. And in Chaitra 11, 1522 BS he attacked and annexed Kirtipur. He is described as MAGAR RAJADHIRAJ MUKUNDA SEN.
?
5)     GOPAL RAJVANSHAVALI also cites SENS as MAGARS. There are some SEN MAGARS in Nepal today.
?
6)     KUSUNDA ORIGIN MYTH: Once upon a time there was a king who had three sons. Upon the death of the father the first son became king. Whatever he did everything turned out unsuccessful. So the second son went to him and argued, “Whatever you did that came out bad so you are no longer King. You live in the jungle begging and hunting”. This is how the oldest son became Kusunda. The second son in turn became the king. Everything he did resulted in good. The king went to offer a pig to Chandi deity. He didn’t find a person to kill the pig. The third son said ‘I will kill it’. And he killed it. The descendants from third son became Magars. The descendants of the second son became Thakuris. [This version seems to be influenced by Shikhar Nath Subedi’s “Thargotra Prabaravali”, a booklet published from Banaras India, could be found in some bookshops in Bhotahiti, Kathmandu].
?
7)     RAJTARANGINI AND ARAMUDI : It is the oldest written authority for the history of various dynasties which ruled KASHMIR from the earliest period down to the time of the author who began to write his chronicle in SHAKA YEAR 1070 [AD 1148 , BS 1204] “Atha Aramudi iti prashiddha mayabi Nepaldeshasya Raja” [AD 782 – 813] [KASMIREITIHAS pp 99]. Prof. Raja Ram Subedi and Prof. Jagadish Chandra Regmi believe Aramudi as Magar King of Kali Gandaki Area.
?
8)     MAGGWAR BISHAYA: [Nepal Sambat 221 or BS 1157] “Shree Dhanap Nayak Shree Shoab Rane”. Mahesh Raj Panta and Aishowryadhar Sharma recognize him as RANA MAGAR. Dhan Bzra Bazrachayra also recognized Shohab Rane as Rana Magar.
?
9)     ‘VIRSTAMBHA’ – MEMORIAL IN DULLU DAILEKH : Thapa Magars are cited as rulers suggesting that they were also in great numbers. Prof. Ram Niwas Panday believes Khas are descendants of Thapa Magars of Dullu Dailekh. Khas are also known as Thakuris.
?
10) F. B. Hamilton, Dor Bahadur Bista, Rhisikesh Shah believe Kings as the Magars. Eden Vansitart, Percival Landon, John Whelpton, Jiro kawakita, Brian H. Hodgson also have written the same way.
?
11) Whatever be the relationship with MUKUNDA SEN or the King makes no difference to the MAGARS of today.
?
Sincerely,
?
BKR

ARUSH SEN WROTE: Mani Mukunda Sen mero great great great great grandfather ho…Magar ta Mani mukunda sen ka army haru thiye, he was of thakuri dynasty….

received email about this information. Oct 24, 2013————————————–

BK Rana responds?

Dear Dr. Thapa,?

Analyzing linguistic and cultural attributes of Magars of Palpa, some five years ago, I had written in a handout that Mukunda Sen could be a Magar by his ethnic identity. The handout was prepared in light of ongoing activism on Magar Identity for National Population Census of 2058.?

Back in 2039 BS, I was for a week in Palpa Argali [Argauli] on an Intensive Agricultural Research Project conducted by APROSC/HMG Ministry of Agriculture. At that time, I had been able to meet with some Magars who claimed they were the descedants of King Mukunda Sen. They said “Mani’ Mukunda Sen instead of Mukunda Sen.?

Those Argali Magars appeared to me Mongoloid, strong built and tall, however, the naming of Sen kings are Sanskritized ones. Those Magars owned nice plots of irrigated land [Khet] in Palpa Argali.?

Sometime later I had asked Surendra S. Ranaji who told those were different Magars, however, he did not elaborate what Magars are the Argali Magars actually.?

One of the Kusunda origin myths also suggests that Magars and Thakuris [Sens, Shahs, Mallas] are brothers. I have not been able to find any mentioning of Sen king’s in Kalhan’s Rajtarangini.?

The conventional wisdom on Sen Thakuris is ‘Chhetris’ but lacks any scientific foundation. Dor Bahadur Bista, in a meeting in 1992, had told me Magars and Thakuris are brothers. His book ‘Fatalism and Development’ may be reviewed. But, Dr. Hark Gurung takes Bista’s elaboration otherwise.?

Sincerely yours,?

BKR ?

Dear All,

When I had published a very brief and ‘partisan’ type of note so to say, on one ot the obscure persons in Nepalese history, ‘King Aramudi’ on July 17, 2005 (King Aramudi and Other Magar Rulers of Nepal and subsequently also Kashmir, Kalhan’s Rajtarangini And The ‘Magar King Aramudi’in Obscure History on January 3, 2011 , no historical records and archaeological evidence available so far), Surendra Singh Rana, who I think currently works as Regional Director for UNICEF in Nepalgunj, had briefly commented on some Magars of Argali, Palpa district. (Please see my Facebook posts copied below)

Nothing can be said for sure, whether Palpali King Mukund Sen was a Magar or Thakuri in fact.

Among many, from the Ashokan inscription (3rd BC) at Kalsi in Kumaon, India at least three terms may be taken into account out here for this discourse:

a) Thakkura – officers by profession and the warriors. So, later it became Thakuri.

b) Khadgika – a swordsman or its superintendent. Please check it with the Khadka (Magar) King of Gorkha – 1616 Bikram Sambat.

c) Rajanyaka – probably a prince, in the Rig Veda the term ‘Rajanya’ denotes both ‘royal’ and ‘noble’. The ‘Rana’ Magars of Nepal and elsewhere in the world have drawn or received their last name ‘Rana’ from the word ‘Rajanyak or Rajanya’. Please check Ganga Ram ‘Rana’ (Bhusal Magar) of Gorkha who was one of the major players for the making Drabya Shah, the King of Gorkha.

More on the ancient history of the Magars to follow soon.

Thank you all,

Magar Studies Center on Mani Mukunda Sen?

“MSC” < wrote”>magarstudiescenter@yahoo.com> wrote: – >From: MSC <magarstudiescenter@yahoo.com>
To: MSC <magarstudiescenter@yahoo.com>
Subject: Who was Mukunda Sen?
Date: Wed, 13 Apr 2005 05:31:19 -0700 (PDT)?

Dear Magarbandhus,
On 12 Apr 2005 a music CD entitled “Maulakali Gaindakotai ma” was released. During the deliberations it was said that Mani Mukunda Sen, the King of Palpa, had once camped in Nawalparasi jungle. His soldiers installed the “Maula” to perform Puja to Kali deity. Since that time people have been worshiping in that temple. But the detail information about the King is missing. Who exactly was Mukunda Sen? Magar? Or Thakuri? Some available information on this issue contradicts each other.
Is there any Magarbandhu who knows about it? Please share. But be careful there are information available which may not be true or not fact based.
Happy New Year and Happy Chaite Dasain.
Govind?

Magar and Bhirkot Kingdom?

Tue 30 nov 2004?

Bottom of Form?

Dear Stanley,?

Thanks. This is becoming very interesting. I shal try to find out more about the telescope. But i dont see any relationship with the Bhirkot. When i find some time i shall explore more about your field of interest. With best regards.?

Dr. GPThapa

Pakrav@aol.com wrote:?

28 November 2004?

Dear Dr. Thapa?

The information that your friend provided on the telescope is most interesting, however, I am more interested in obtaining the number on the telescope. The number gives much more detail to the telescope. ?I am sorry that the telesope lens was broken.? There are replacement lens for the telescope that I might be able to help in acqiring for it.?

As to my last email regarding Mrs. Bhinda Swari Malla Shah, I have ascertained that she is from the Bhaktapur Mallas. I suppose I was not clear regarding the information on her family. It is her mother Mrs. Jagat Malla of whom I do not have information on.?? I understand that she lived in Nepal and when Mr. Padma Malla returned from America she left Nepal and went to Calcutta? to be with him and that is where their chidren were born.? I do not know if Mrs. Jagat Malla had been a Rana, a Singh, a Shah, or whom prior to her marriage to Mr. Padma Malla.?

I understand that you are very busy. I do not wish to take up your time with my questions.??

I have received a second email from you regarding Mr. Anil Keshary Shah, the grandson of Mr. Tarak Bahadur Shah. You had sent me an email and an introduction to Mr. Shah to me some time ago as well.? ?I wrote to him with no success at all.? The same is true for Mrs. Samantha Shah who is the wife of Mr Ujjal Shah, brother to Mr. Anil Shah. Mrs. Bhinda Shah turned my questions over to Mrs. Samantha Shah who wanted to know my “base” address and not much else. I am afraid that this family is rather private, even though they are from a public family, including Mrs. Bhinda Shah.? Therefore, I will not bother with?seeking ?any more information regarding them for my research. I shall seek research on families that may actually have information on Bhirkot? and who actually want to know the history of their family, or give it up soon. I really can’t get involved with families who do not wish to be known?

?Again, I thank you for?your time and?effort on my behalf.?

Sincerely,?

Mr. J.F.Stanley??

Top of Form?

Fri 26 nov 2004?

Bottom of Form?

Dear Stanley,?

I take thhis opportunity to introduce?Mr. Anil Shah, General Manager of Nabil Bank, Kathmandu. Mr Shah is the grandson of Raja Tarak Bahadur Shah and son of Narayan Keshari Shah and Mrs Binda Shah (First lady Ambassador to Bangladesh and India). I received this information by courtesy of Manoj Shah. I am sure that Mr. Shah will be able to help you sort out many puzzles. I have also posted this mail to Mr. Anil Shah.?

Email: anilrati@wlink.com.np?

With reagards.?

Dr. GPThapa

Pakrav@aol.com wrote:?

6 August 2004

Dear Dr.Thapa:

I have not heard from Mr. Manoj Shah other than his email stating that King Tarak Bahadur Shah was his family member.? He told me that he was going to collect some data for me and alas, that was the last that I heard?? I have heard from other sources that the wife of Dr.Narayan Keshary Shah is? Blinda Swari Malla, daughter of Padma Sundar Malla who left for Japan in 1916 stayed 2 years and then left for America and the University of Michigan. he returned to Nepal and he had lost his caste because he had not gotten permission to cross the oceans. He built the The Morang Hydroelectric Company, with its 1,600 KW Sikharbas plant on the Chisang Khola, was established in 1939 to power Nepal’s first large industry, the Biratnagar Jute Mill. The major shareholders of this company were, of course, the ruling Ranas and their favourite officials. (Juddha Rana).? this was the site of the workers strike called for Nehru of India, King Tribuhvan, Prince Mahendra and Subaran Rana with the newly established Nepali Congress.?

I heard that Mrs Blinda Malla Shah had two sons one of which married Subarna? Rana’s granddaughter, Rati. the other one married Samantha Rajya Laxmi Rana daughter of Late Tribhuvan Pratap Rana(son of Yog Bikram Rana) and Sachu Shah. and had a son this year by the name of Aditya Keshary Shah son b. February 2004.? I have not been able to locate Tribhuvan Pratap Rana, or Yog Bikram Rana or Sachu Shah.? I am still researching and when I have it together, I wll be happy to share all the information with your center.
Sincerely?

Mr. J.F.Stanley??

Fri 26 nov 2004?

Bottom of Form?

Dear Stanley,?

I requested one of my friends to go and gather information about the telescope. According to him?the telescope is made in Germany, 7-8 feet long, 5-8 feet high, 50-60 kilogram heavy, it can cover the range of 2000 kilometer. It was given by Adolf Hitler to Judha Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana. His son Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana handed over it to the Himalayan Mountaineering Institute in 1961 AD. These days the telescope is not in use because some students accidentally broke the glass of the instrument during experiment session.?

I hope it partially serves your purpose. I you want more information I can reach my friend again on telephone.?

?Last time this is what you wrote to me about Bindha Shah?”Mrs. Bhinda Swari Malla Shah has informed me of her immediate family that being of her father, :Padma Sundar Malla who married Jagat. I do not know what branch of the Shah, or Rana or Malla family she is from.? Mrs. Bhinda Shah’s brothers are ?Chitra Prakash Malla, ?Tej Prakash Malla, and ?Chatra Prakash Malla.They are Newars descending from the Kings of Bhaktapur.”?

?Yes, she belongs to Malla Newars of Bhaktapur.?

?I do not? have any family relationship with the Nain Singh Thapa. I belong to Magar–an ethnic Nationalities of Nepal.??

These days I am too busy. May be after some time I find time to look out information for your research. Will be in touch soon.?

?Dr. GPThapa?

?
Pakrav@aol.com wrote:?

?24?November 2004?

?Dear Dr. ?G P Thapa:?

?I? do not know if anyone from the Magar Studies Center is able to go, or does go, to Darjeerling, India and to the Himalyan Mountaineering Institute located there.? If there is someone who does go to Darjeerling, or if you know of someone who lives in Darjeerling, would you please do me a favor and ask them if they would be so kind as to go to the Himalayan Mountaineering Institute and look at the Large Telescope outside the HMI Center and get the number of the Telescope off of it, as well as any other writing on it and post it to me???The Number of the Telescope??is most important to me?and plays a part in the history of Nepal. I just have to have the number of the Telescope in order to authenticate it.? Do you think that it might be possible to get this number for me in a rather short time frame??

?I would be so grateful for this information.?

?I am still attempting to follow up some leads on the Bhirkot lineage of Shahs and will not give up on it.? As soon as I receive any information, I shall post you on it. You have been most kind and most helpful to me in my research.?? Dr. Thapa, are you related to ?General Nain Singh Thapa and his daughter, ?Ganesh Kumari Devi, who was the second wife of ?Narasingh Kunwar Rana.??

?Sincerely??

Mr. J.F.Stanley?

mon?8 nov 2004?

Dear Stanley,?

Thanks for the update.?I am extremely happy to find you more and more getting into the history of Magar kings. Be prepared to take pains–because it is not going to be an easy task. All the best. With best regards.?

Dr. GP Thapa

Pakrav@aol.com wrote:?

5 November 2004?

?Dear Dr. ?G P Thapa:?

?I have not forgotten you, kind Sir.? I have not had much cooperation on my research and it is taking me a bit of time to gather it together.? ??

However, through friends in London, I have discovered that Raja Tarak Bahadur Shah’s, father is ?Raja Tamra Dhowj Khand. Raja Tarak’s grandfather is ?Raja Lalit Bahadur Khand? b 18xx, descendant of Raja Khancha Khan and that is where I am yet again stuck.?

?According to the ?history of the Aalam Devi,? the genealogies go like this:?

??Bhattar Rhishi Raj Ranaji in Chittaurgadh, Indian?

Bhupati Ranaji Rao was the 33rd?lineage after Bhattar?Raja Manamath Ranjee Manorat Rai [Manamath Ranaji Rao]? Raja Bhupal Ranjee? he left Ujjain and went to Ridi in 1494.? He stayed in Ridi for some time and the he moved to Bhirkot.? Raja of Bhirkot?

Khancha Khan (Harihar Singh)? won Dhora.? (Baglung) Bhirkot, Satahun, Gahraun (Syangja).? Khancha Khan, a Thakuri king of the Chin Rangan clan.? was taking the Aalam Devi ( Kumari Devi, a Goddess, had to be carried at all times and never laid on the ground. A soldier laid down the Kumari Devi and she vanished.? A virgin boy was left at the temple and a virgin boy must always be there at the temple in case she reappears.)? with him during the time of extending his Kingdom. One night he took rest there where the temple lies today but the Dev concealed deep down into the earth. Conceal corresponds to ‘alap’ in local tongue and the revised version of ‘alap’ might be Aalam, it is said.
Later Khancha Khan maintained Aalam Devi as the Kul Devta of the
Royal family and Thakuris of Nepal till today.?

Jaina Khand?

Raja Lalit Bahadur Khand??

Raja Tamra Dhowj Khand?

Raja Tarak Bahadur Shah?

Rishikesh Shaha?

Narayan Keshary Shah?

Anil Keshary Shah?

Ujjal Keshary Shah?

I have read ?Extract from ‘The Gurkhas’ of Eden Vansittart (based upon the ‘Notes on Nepal’, 1895 AD and ‘Notes on Gurkhas’ 1890 AD), Anmol Publications, New Delhi, Re-print 1993 (The spellings are original and not altered)? , where Dr. Hamilton states, “?The family of Gurkha, which now (1802) governs Nepal, although it pretends to come from Chitor, is in reality of the Magar tribe” and where he stated that the original home of the Magars was? around Bhirkot, Gulmi, ?Argha, Khachi, and Palpa.?? I have also read that King Prithvi Narayan Shah went to ?Benaras and ?changed his Gotra from `Bharadwaj’ into `Kasyap’.? Bharadwaj does not seem to have any Sutras listed with it, however, Kasyap does and I don’t know if this was his intention to do, that of obtaining a link to the Rishis who wrote Sutras.??

?Raja Tarak Bahadur Shah married Madaan ?Dibyeshwari Rajya Lakshmi? b. at Dhankota, October 1901 daughter of? Bir SJB Rana, eldest son of Dhir SJB Rana, 9th son of Bala Narsingh Rana.? Their daughter, Kamal, the sister to Rishikesh Shah, married Min SJB Rana, the ?17th son of Juddha SJB Rana and they had Anup who died in 1999 from a series of 3 devastating strokes in one day.?

?Mrs. Bhinda Swari Malla Shah has informed me of her immediate family that being of her father, :Padma Sundar Malla who married Jagat. I do not know what branch of the Shah, or Rana or Malla family she is from.? Mrs. Bhinda Shah’s brothers are ?Chitra Prakash Malla, ?Tej Prakash Malla, and ?Chatra Prakash Malla.They are Newars descending from the Kings of Bhaktapur.?

??I am currently working on that list and will post you as soon as possible.?

?Sincerely ??

Mr. J.F.Stanley?

?Tue 6 jul 2004Top of Form?

Dear Stabley,?

Thanks for your mail. Please write to Mr. Manoj Shah Email: manojshah70@hotmail.com concerning your research work. He is the right man for this. I shall be happy if we could do anything besides that. Thanks.?

MSC

Pakrav@aol.com wrote:?

June 30 2004
Dear Magar Studies Center:?

I have read your article on the magars most intently.? I understand that the Kingdom of Bhirkot was small and a tributary to the Raja of Jumla.? I am attempting to research the history of King Tarak Bahadur Shah and his family. I understand that Rishikesh Shaha the former Finance Minister of Nepal, the former Foreign Minister of Nepal, the first permanent Royal Nepal Ambassador to the United Nations and Ambassador to the United States, the former drafter of the 1962 Nepal Constitituion was his son.? I have learned that Dr. Narayan Keshary Shah is also King Tarak’s son and that Rishikesh Shaha had a son by the name of Prakrash who lives in New Jersey USA.? Dr. Narayan Shah has two sons, one Anil Keshary Shah married Rati Rana, daughter of Rakmar Rana and the other son, Ujjal Shah is living in the USA.? I do not have any information on the wfe of either Dr. Narayan Shah or Rishikesh Shaha or of King Tarak Shah.? If you have any infromation on the lineage of King Tarak and information on his family I would be deeply appreciative.
What now concerns me is that Dr. F. Hamilton in his 1819 book states that the people of Bhirkot were magars.? does this mean that King Tarak is a Magar of India and not a Rajput Prince of India?? Is Prithvi Narayan Shah’s family of Gorhka really Magars and not Rajput from Chittor?
will you help to clear this up as best as you can for me?? I thank you very much.
Sincerely,
Mr. J. F. Stanley?

This is a discussion in the net among three Nepali who happen to discuss about their root in Nepal.?

Mr. A:?

It is very heartening to find this website, to me it felt like I have touched the mother land of my forefathers and gave me light of hope in the search of my child hood quest. Please bear with me to read my story:?

I am born and brought up in Delhi. Now settled in Singapore with my family. My late father left Nepal when he was young man of 17 years, about sixty years before and never returned back, even for once. However, he kept the spirit of Nepal alive by telling me the fond stories from his child hood to man hood. I paid many visits to Nepal about ten years before when he was alive but my father never did and never told me why not. Now he is dead, and I am left with not much clues, all he did told me that he is from “Hajar Parvat” and his father’s name and his younger step brother’s name, I and my father had no clue about my father’s step brother and/or his family.
But after many visits to Nepal I could not find any village named hajar parvat, to me it seems that the village “Hajar Parvat” has become a district now, known as “Parvat Jilla”. Unfortunately, I can’t speak or understand Nepali, nor Magar Kura, very well and feel very shy about it too, so this is another big hurdle for me to do any research about it. I am very much interested to find out my roots in Nepal and would love to see my father’s birthplace. Any help, clue or information or story related to this place “Hajar Parvat” or “Parvat Jilla” regarding my quest would be highly appreciated.?

Mr. B:?

The motherland is always great and dear to all. Your mentioning below of the ‘Hajar Parvart’ should be ‘Char Hajar Parvat’ [Four Thousand Mountains] – I think. The current ‘Parvat Jilla’ was also called ‘Char Hajar Parvat’ until few decades back. You may try to find ‘Rana Magar’ settlements in Parvat district.?

Mr. A:?

Yes you are absolutely right!!! It is “Char Hajar Parwat” but after getting some funny remarks like “hey dude where do you get four thousand mountains in Nepal” I reduced Char or char hajar from the name originally told to me I am sure I asked wrong persons or in a wrong way. :(( May be it is normal for you but it is very important information for me to know that it is really “Char Hajar Parvat” which is now known as Parvat Jilla.?

Mr. C:?

I am also originally from Parbat district. I also wish to share some historical information with you. I am a student of history, specializing in Recent Nepalese History. Currently I am doing some research in USA. Your mentioning below of “Char Hajar Jilla” or “Char Hajar Parvat” can’t be found in any history books. That used to be in ‘folklore’ – ‘Jana Shruti or ‘Jana Bishwas’ only. There used to be “22 and 24 states” before the unification of kingdom of Nepal. Again there were ‘Barah Magarat’ or ‘Twelve Magar States’. Payuing was one of them. This ‘Paiyung’ falls within the present day Parvat district. Parbat, Baglung, Myagdi and Syangza districts may have been known as ‘Char Hajar Parvat’ you mentioned in the message. The southern part of Parvat district is mostly populated by Rana, Thapa, Ale, and Saru Magars. I would advise you to visit Chinnya Kharka in Triveni VDC, Chyuri Khalta, Kuvinde, Dadathok, Hosrangdi, Bhorle etc. VDCs in southern Parvat district. Or, you may also talk with my teacher Prof. Raja Ram Subedi at Tribuvan University, Kathmandu Nepal.?
———————————–

08/11/2009/13:29, website http://hkmagar.hkmagar.com/content/view/16/30/

There were only two Generals in Kashmir, during the entire history of Kashmir in colonial times.?One belonged to my Family THAPA (Magar) and other belonged to Burathoki (Chettri).I know almost everyone from the old families including? those of the generals and I can confirm that there was no general by name of Rana as a surname. I was posed this question many years ago by a person from Delhi and i am pleasantly surprised to find this same question being posed here.?
Regards.
Ashwin Thapa,

Dear Dr Thapa?

This lady’s ancestor was obviously with the J and K state forces at the turn of the 19th century. There are many Gorkhalis who are descendants of these forces, settled in Jammu. I shall try to find out. It might take sometime because they are not on e-mail. And tho Nepalis are very warm, hospitable and talkative when you meet them, they are poor letter writers and rarely reply to postal mails. And I am based in Delhi belonging to a Bhagsu-Dharamshala family-6th generation. But I will try.?

Regards, Jyoti Thapa?

?Dear Magarbandhus,?

Namaskar. It was on 17 April 2002 when I met Prof. Naela of Quetta, Pakistan in one of the seminar of UNESCAP at Blue Star. According to her- There was a General TIKA RAM RANA MAGAR in British Army in Kashmir in 1897 at Dal Lake. He had only two daughters and no sons. She was the grand daughter of that General. That means she was also a Magar.? Later, on 23 April 2002, she sent me an email in which she wrote, ? It is just to find a lost brother by meeting you, it is a very strong blood, fearless and headstrong, I?m proud of my Magar blood. I kissed the soil of Nepal before leaving. My mother was so excited to hear anything from Nepal, I told her that ?only one person I met having Magar blood is Govind and I can imagine that his mother resembles you very much?. Govind, me and my mother are not interested in material things, we have everything, a very good life with respect but sometimes we feel for our missing links with strong Gurkha blood that my granny missed a lot for all her life. I have written her story in my biography, I always insist fathers of our family to be friendly with their kids because my grandma was only 14 years old when she with more than 15 other children went on adventure to visit the first ever train started from Srinagar Kashmir to Amratsar Punjab it was 1899 or 1900, most of the kids lost in the way along with her. When police found her, she refused to go back to home she said, ?my father will kill me?. Any how older people of Quetta (Balochistan Pakistan) remember her as a generous, kind hearted and strong lady, when she died, orphans and widows gathered and said, ?today we have lost parents—? she was taking care of a lot of poor people without bringing it in anyone?s knowledge?.?

?She and her mother have only one wish?they want to find out their old place in Nepal and pay a visit. I had told her that I shall try to do that for her. I tried with the British Embassy records. I have also tried with many Magar relatives. I have also talked to Dr. Harka Bahadur Budha Magar. According to Dr. Budha Magar, there was a custom that a General?s quota was given to Magar in Kashmir State Army. At that time Karna Singh was the king of Kashmir. Dr. Budha also mentioned about the possibility of finding some thing more in Kaptan tol in Nautanawa, India, where still many Gurkhas live permanently with their families.?

?Dr. Kulesh Thapa wrote me, ?I had an opportunity to talk to one of the experts on this matter and he too seem to be of the opinion that there were no generals at that time in the then British army. Although there was a general Magar in the Kashmiri army and he settled in the banks of the Tabu river may be one of the tributaries of the Sutluj River. One of the grandsons of this general then came to Nautanawa and one of the Nepalese ?tol? is to this day known as the General tol because his grand father was a general. He also seems to be of the opinion that there were couple of settlements in the Quetta area and there was an earthquake during the time in that area in which a lot of the Nepalese were also killed. Most of the Magars recruited in that area were from the Magarat area i.e. the central area of the present day Nepal specially Syangja, Tanahu, Palpa, Baglung, Mygdi, etc. So, the chance of finding this unknown general is better in this area?.?

?Since then, due to lack of time, I have not been able to anything more about this mission. Now I request you all, especially Rana Magars, to help locate the ancestral place of the Professor Naela. Anything new found or discovered, please let me know. Thanks.?

Dr. Govind P. Thapa

फेसबुकमा एकजना मित्र Arun A Malla बाट लिखित यो लेख अत्यन्त सान्दर्विक र तर्कसम्बत लागेर मैले कपी एंड पेष्ट गरेको पनि छु |

Copied from blogs.

Arun A Malla.

IN SEARCH OF A MEANING OF THE WORD: ‘THAKURI’

Historically speaking, Raja Amshuburma, the father of a legendary Princess Vrikuti, and a powerful ruler of Nepal in the early 7th century AD, is known to have belonged to a “Thakuri” Vamsha.

We don’t know exactly when Thakuri became a caste in Nepal, but what we know, for sure, is that the term has been in use for several centuries now.

We also don’t know the true meaning of it, but my little research revealed, that it was the term the rulers of 22 and 24 principalities -- which spread before unification throughout the mid and far-western regions of Nepal -- would use to identify them.

Based on this, can we safely assume Thakuri means ‘the ruling clans’? I certainly think so. Even the founder of modern Nepal, ”Prithvi Narayan Shah, the Great” belonged to this group.

However, what is interesting is that I’ve found a bizarre attempt of linking the founder of modern Nepal to a certain group of people, most specifically, the “Magars,” claiming that he was a Magar King [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magars.] For people who are not Thakuris, it could very well be a believable story, but to someone like me -- a pure blooded, ‘Jhurra Thakuri’ -- I’m like: “Oh, com’n, you morons!”

Today Thakuris come in all shapes and sizes, and they are found to have settled all over the country. Although majority of them are concentrated in the Western and Far-Western regions of Nepal, some or very few of them, still live in the Eastern parts of the country. It was so because during unification, Thakuris played crucial roles in defeating the Kirantis of the East, and some Thakuris with commanding roles and authorities, naturally remained there to maintain sovereignty over the newly won territories.

As far as I know, the main Thakuri Caste can be divided into many sub-castes, but the most prominent among them are: Malla, Shah, Khand, Singh, Sen, Pal, Chand, and Shahi. And Thakuris bearing above surnames claimed their own territories, establishing their own independent principalities, which we all know as 22 and 24 principalities.

Moreover, the several surnames that Thakuri use today initially appear to have been adopted as titles. For example, according to my own family genealogy report, called Vamshavali, my surname ‘Malla’ was believed to have been a title, and before my ancestors were a Malla, they were Shahi, which itself was a title.

Additionally, since I can only talk about my side of the story, according to my somewhat unscientific study, there are only three types of Mallas (excluding the Mallas of Katmandu Valley -- well, they were also Thakuri but became 'Newar', a linguistic community, in order to rule the valley's inhabitants) belonging to Thakuri Clans: (1) Malla of Sinja Valley, Jumla (2) Malla of Kingdom of Parbat, the great Malla Khandan to which I belong to, and (3) the Medhasi Malla.

Let’s assume we all know the Mallas of Sinja and the Mallas of Parbat, as they are historically significant group of people. But who are “Medhasi Malla?”

Well, they are also Thakuri but they differ in one thing, that is, they once had surnames other than Malla. For a reason or two, they decided to abandon their original surnames. For example, the Malla of Dhurkot, are Suryabanshi Chautariya Shah but they adopted the Malla surname. Despite sharing the same surname, it’s one reason why Malla of Parbat and Malla of Dhurkot marry each other.

Similarly, there are Thakuris whose ancestors were Shahis or Mallas but now they’ve become Shah, yet they’re still keeping their old Gotra - Atri. The reason of this is, because once powerful Raja Malebam Shahi of Jumla, my original ancestor had divided his vast kingdom among his four sons: (1) Jagat Singh Shahi (1st son, king of Jajarkot) (2) Pitambar Shahi (2nd son, king of Rukum) (3) Suratna Shahi (3rd son, king of Salyan) (4) Sumati Shahi (4th son, king of Darna). It is believed that the descendants of these four sons later adopted different surnames, yet their Gotra remained the same.

Incidentally, Shahs of Gorkha were Khands, as we know it. We're also aware of one very public information, that is, King Prithvi Narayan Shah had changed his Gotra and sub-caste to separate himself from other Khands and Shahs, so he could kill his own brethren and remain free from the sin of ‘Gotra Hatya’.

By looking at this, it becomes so important to look at one’s Vamsha and Gotra. Knowing one’s Gotra is important for many reasons, but most important reason of all is to avoid marrying one’s own cousins. It is a sin or ‘paap’ to marry one's own cousins, and it was true then, and it is true now.

Despite this, Thakuris have one very bad tradition, and that is, we marry our own cousins from maternal sides. We can all guess why we do that but there is one obvious explanation for it.

Thakuri kings wanted to keep their wealth, power, and family secrets within the family, and what more effective way there could be than marrying their own cousins, the maternal uncles’ daughters?

However, time has come to end this barbaric tradition. Genetically, there is no difference between maternal and paternal cousins. Having practiced this tradition of marrying one’s own cousins for centuries, it could be one reason why we, Thakuris, - I’m sorry to say this - are not as smart as we think we are.

We can safely assume that our genetic abnormality -- let’s call it our stupidity -- is the direct consequential result of this unholy matrimony.

Let's face it, we are not bright people. It's a fact.

No wonder, people call us - “Murkha Thakuri” because we can't seem to manage our anger easily and get upset for no obvious reasons (one reason why British India, calling us 'Martial People' loved to hire us); we do poorly in schools and seeking knowledge is against our religion; we’re lazy in the most part and refuse to accept work that is considered low by our myopic standard; we don't work as hard as we should, and as a result we fall behind; we love to party whenever we can and unnecessarily flaunt our fast-depleting wealth; we glorify our past even if there is no evidence to prove it; and we talk trash about others and treat them badly whenever we can.

Listen to this, my people, -- the Thakuris -- the world has changed immensely right before our eyes, yet we haven’t changed. If we let this trend to continue, we may even face extinction in future, because those who can survive are the ones who can adapt.

Let’s make adaptability - whatever it means - our common mantra. It’s great we know our past and we are proud of it, but knowing past alone doesn’t secure a bright future; we have to work for it. Forget those days when things came to you on silver platter. Those days are long gone. We even lost the Thakuri King, the last great hope of Thakuris. We won’t know our future unless we work to build one. Now is the time to do just that!

Good luck and God bless, the Thakuris!

On a side note, below is the list of 22 and 24 principalities which we, Thakuris, ruled once upon a time.

I’ve borrowed the list from a another source; however, I do strongly encourage you all, the proud Thakuris, to go through it if time permits.

के नेपालका शाह वंशीय राजाका सन्तानहरु “मगर” हुन?

तलको लेख एक पटक पढ्नुहोस।

कुनै व्यक्तिलाई त्यो कुन समुदायको हो र कुन जातिको हो भन्ने कुरा उसको संस्कार-सांस्कृतिक र परम्परागत कुराहरुको अध्ययन गर्नु जरुरी ठहरिन्छ। भाषा र धर्म भन्ने कुरा एक पुस्ताबाट अर्को पुस्ता सम्म आइपुग्दा अभिवावकले सिकाई दिएन भने स्वत: लोप भएर जान्छ। तर परम्पतागत र सांस्कृतिक पक्ष भने पुस्तौ सम्म पनि लोप हुन गाह्रो पर्छ। मूल रुपमा भन्नु पर्दा कुनै पनि व्यक्ति वा वँशजको जातीय पहिचानको आधार सांस्कृतिक र संस्कार पक्ष नै हुन्छ। राजाका पुर्खा कुन जातिका थिए भन्ने ऐतिहासिक प्रमाणहरुले पनि स्पष्ट नै पारेको छ र यता सांस्कृतिक तथ्यलाई हेर्ने हो भने पनि त्यो झन घाम जस्तै छर्लङ्ग छ।

१) शाहहरुको कुलायन कुलदेवी स्याङ्जाको लसर्घाको “आलमदेवी” हुन। त्यहाँका पुजारी “राना मगर” हरु नै छन। यदि राजा हिन्दु वा राजपुत भएको भए, उसको कुलदेउताको पुजाआजा गर्ने व्यक्ति कहिले पनि “मगर” हुने थिएनन। जाबो केही वर्ष अघि “जनै” लगाएर नक्कली “क्षेत्री” बन्ने केही मगरहरुले त आफ्नै बन्धुहरुले दिएको नखाने कहलिन्छन भने राजा राजपुत भए, राजखलकको पुजारी त्यस माथि पनि “कुल पुजारी” मगर कसरी भए त?

२) नारायणहिटी दरबारमा सरकारी (राजकीय पुजारी बडा गुरुजी) ब्रह्माणहरु भए पनि परम्परागत कूल पुजारी त मगर नै छन, किन?

३) अहिले पनि राजकुलले कलंकीमा गर्ने कूल पुजामा “कालो सुँगुर” को बली चढाई पूजा गर्ने गर्दछन। यदि राजा हिन्दु एवं राजपुत भएको भए कहिल्यै सुँगुर पुजामा चढाउने थिएनन्। अर्को याद राख्नु पर्ने कुरा के छ भने भारतका कुन राजपुतले आफ्नो कुलायनको पुजामा “मगर” पुजारी बोलाउदो रहेछ? र, कुन राजपुतले सुँगुरले पुज्दो रहेछ? जुन ताजपुतको ब्राह्माणहरुले कुरा गर्ने गर्दछन्, ति राजपुतहरुले सुँगुर त के बँदेल पनि खाँदैनन्। सुंगुर नै नखाने कुलायनले सुँगुर नै खोज्छ भन्ने कुरा पनि कहिं सत्य हुन्छ?

४) शाहवँशका पहिलो व्यक्ति अर्थात भूपालले मगरकी छोरी नै बिहे गरेका थिए। त्यस्तै पृथ्वी नारायण शाहकी बज्यै पनि मगरकी छोरी नै थिइन्। पृथ्वी नारायण शाहकी आमा पनि मगरकी छोरी नै थिइन्। पृथ्वी नारायण शाहकी श्रीमती पनि मगरकी छोरी नै थिइन्। उतिखेरको कट्टर हिन्दु आर्य समाजमा एक हिन्दु आर्य-क्षेत्रीले मतवालीको छोरी मागी बिबाह गर्नु असम्भवको कुरा हो। यदि हिन्दु-आर्य राजा भए, मगरकी छोरी बिहे गर्नु सम्भवको कुरा हो र?

पृथ्वी नारायण शाह एवं दलमर्दन शाहकी आमा कौशल्यावती पाल्पाका राजा गन्धर्व सेनकी छोरी थिइन्। यति मात्रै होइन, पृथ्वी नारायण शाहले पनि मकवानपुरका राजा हेमकर्ण सेनकी छोरी इन्द्रकुमारी सेनलाई बिबाह गरेका थिए।

५) मामाकी छोरी बिहे गर्ने र हकै लाग्ने मगरहरुमा हुने गर्दछ र यही चलन ठकुरीमा पनि हुने गर्दछ। यदि शाहहरु हिन्दु राजपुतको भए, कहिल्यै मामाको छोरी बिहे गर्ने थिएनन्। किन भने हिन्दु क्षेत्रीहरुको चलनचल्ति अनुसार मामाकी छोरी बहिनी पर्ने गर्छ र राजस्थानका कुन राजपुत घरनियाले मामाकी छोरी बिहे गर्ने गर्दो रहेछ? कुन हिन्दु क्षेत्रीले मामाको छोरीलाई साली भन्दो रहेछ?

६) मकवानपुरे राजाले छोरी दिन नमाने पछि पृथ्वी नारायण शाहले बनारस गई १०८ ब्राह्माणहरुलाई भोज खुवाएर जनै धारण गरेर, गोत्र नै फेरेर ‘वशिष्ट’ गोत्र भिरेर आएका थिए। राजखलक हिन्दु आर्य-क्षेत्री भइदिएको भए गोत्र नै फेर्नु पर्ने आवस्यकता नै के थियो र?

७) बि.सं. १९५१ मा शाहहरुको असली वंशावली जलेको कुरा “Eden Vancittart” ले आफ्नो पुस्तक “The Gurkha” मा उल्लेख गरेकाछन् र हुन सक्छ त्यसपछि ब्राह्माणहरुले नक्कली वंशावली तयार पारे कि? किनभने शाहहरुको वंशावलीमा उल्लेखित वंशजका नामहरु भारतीय इतिहासमा कुनै पाइएको छैन र उल्लेख गरिएको पनि छैन।

८) पृथ्वी नारायण शाहका छोरा बहादुर शाहका पालामा आएका Karkpatric ले यिनका भदैयाहरु अझ पनि मगर रितिरिवाजमा छन् भनेर लेखेका छन्। यसले स्पष्ट पार्छ कि, राजखलकका वंशहरु कुन जातिका हुन भनेर। F.B. Hamilton ले पनि मगरकै सन्तान हुन् अहिलेका राजाहरु भनी लेखेकाछन् र यि सवै कुराहरुको प्रत्यक्षदर्शी पनि थिए दुवै बिद्वानहरु।

९) प्रसिद्ध विद्वान एम.एस. थापा मगर त राजाका पुर्खाहरु स्याङ्जाको लसर्घा एवं कारिकोट कै मगरहरु हुनु पर्छ भनी बताउँछन्।

१०) त्यस्तै डा. हर्ष बहादुर बुढा मगर आफू राजदरबारमा कार्यरत रहँदा राजा महेन्द्रका स्व. राजगुरु अम्विका प्रसाद शर्मा सँग बर्तमान राजाका पुर्खाहरु ‘मगर’ होइनन् र? भनी प्रश्न गर्दा १५ दिनको समय मागि १५ दिन पछि राजाका पुर्खा ‘मगर’ वंशज कै हुन् तर यसमा यसमा मेरो नाम नमुछ्नु होला भनेर डा. हर्ष बहादुर बुढा मगरलाई भनेका थिए।

नोट: यो “मुसाहाङ झेडी मगर” द्वारा लिखित लेख र मेजन पुन द्वारा सम्पादित “फिमला सँगालो” बाट साभार गरिएको हो।

मगरहरुले जनै फेरे हेर्नुहोस

मगरहरूले फेरे जनै

म्याग्दी -कास)- जिल्लाका केही मगरले हिन्दु वैदिक परम्पराअनुसार मंगलबार जनै धारण गरेका छन् शिख गाविसका १८ जना गर्वुजा, तिजिला, रन्तिजा र पुर्जा थरका मगरले हिन्दु धार्मिक परम्पराअनुसार जनै लगाएका हुन् । २०५८ सालमा यहाँका ३५ मगरले सामूहिक रूपमा व्रतबन्ध गरेदेखि लगातार जनैपूणिर्मामा जनै धारण गर्दै आएका छन् । उनीहरूले स्थानीय शिवालय मन्दिरमा ब्राह्मणद्वारा मन्त्रोच्चारण गरी पवित्र पारिएको जनै फेरेका हुन् ।

भारतको गंगानदी किनारमा पुगेर व्रतबन्ध गरी जनै धारणा गरेका ३५ मध्ये अहिले १८ जनामात्र नियमित छन् । बाँकीले समाजमा अँयारो भएको भन्दै जनै निकालेका थिए । 'मगन्थको छोरा' भन्दाभन्दै अपभ्रंश भई 'मगर' भएको र प्रथम विश्वयुद्धपछि मुसलमानले ब्राह्मण, छेत्रीलगायत मगरहरूको पनि जनै फालिदिएकाले लगाउने क्रम रोकिएको यो अभियानका अगुवा कुम्भराज वैश्य -गर्वुजा मगर) ले बताए । 'हामी मगरले जन्मेदेखि मर्दासम्मका कर्मकाण्ड हिन्दु धार्मिक विधिअनुसार गर्छौं भने जनै धारण गर्न किन नहुने ?' स्थानीय टेकबहादुर तिलिजाले बताए ।

**********************************************************************
.यो पनि हेर्नुहोस |
**********************************************************************

पर्वत पैयुँका 'सारु मगर'हरु र 'सेन ठकुरी'हरुको एउटै 'कूल देवता' भएपछि .....

जब सारु मगर र ठकुरीहरु एउटै कूल देवता पूजा गर्छन ........
_________________________________________

हुवास गा. बि. स. धरमपानी पैयुँ पर्वतका 'सारु मगर' र 'सेन ठकुरी' पूजारीहरु, यही गत फागुन ३०, २०७० 'कूल देवता'को पूजा गर्न जाने क्रममा ।

- वि. के. राना

_______________________________________

'मगरका राजा मुकुन्द सेन'का सबै सेना जम्मा भएर इटुम्बहालमा सुनको छाना ....
October 21, 2013 at 6:10pm
[" मुकुन्द सेन राजाले..... यहा ठाउँठाउँमा आगो लगाउदै आए.... यहाँ नेपालका प्रजाहरु सबै.... भागे यहाँ मगरका राजा मुकुन्द सेनका सबै सेना जम्मा भएर इटुम्बहालमा सुनको छाना देखेर यसै ठाउँमा बसौं भनेर ..... नबिगारिकन बसे " ]

जब सारु मगर र ठकुरीहरु एउटै कूल देवता पूजा गर्छन ........

_________________________________________

हुवास गा. बि. स. धरमपानी पैयुँ पर्वतका 'सारु मगर' र 'सेन ठकुरी' पूजारीहरु, यही गत फागुन ३०, २०७० 'कूल देवता'को पूजा गर्न जाने क्रममा ।

दुई जना 'जनै धारी'हरु ठकुरी हुन् भने बाकी सारु मगरहरु हुन् । धन्यवाद)

**********************************************************

***********

ठकुरी राजवंश को बारेमा - क्लिक गर्नु होस्

**********************************************************************

नेपालका अहिलेका नेताहरुको त्यति भरपर्दो विश्वास त छैन तै पनि एमालेका प्रदिप नेपालले कान्तिपुरमा प्रकाशित आफ्नो लेखमा यस्तो पनि लेखेका छन्, लेखको केहि अंश तल व्याख्या गरिएको छ,

Pages

Copied Blogs about Thakuri

पर्वत पैयुँका 'सारु मगर'हरु र 'सेन ठकुरी'हरुको एउटै 'कूल देवता' भएपछि .....